Functions of Management | प्रबंध के कार्य।

We have already discussed Meaning, Characteristics and Level of Management. In previous post.

If you have not read. Click and Read:-

▶️ Meaning and Characteristics.

▶️ Levels of Management and their Functions.

So now, we will discuss Functions of Management.

In the words of Henry L.Sisk, "Management is the effective Utilisation of all resources through the process of planning, organizing, directing and controlling in order to attain stated objectives."

In above definition Management considered as a Process of various functions.

These functions has been classified as below: 

     Functions of Management.

                                                          

1. Main Functions.   हिंदी में पढ़ने के लिए क्लिक करे👈

2. Secondary Functions.

1. Following are the Main Functions:-

1. Planning नियोजन

2. Organising संघटन

3. Staffing नियुक्तिकर्ण

4. Directing निर्देशन

5. Controling नियंत्रण

6. Co-ordinating समन्वय

7. Motivating अभिप्रेरण

1. Planning Planning refers to laying out a plan of action before actually doing any work. Planning is the mental activity which is involved in decision making. There can be various alternatives of doing a work. Choosing the best alternative keeping in mind the available resources and circumstances is the objective of planning. Before doing any work, it must be decided what actually is the work? How and when the work should be done and who will do it? A plan of action is made by keeping all these factors in mind. George Tarry has defined planning as "Planning is looking into the future........... it estimates the needs of future, so that activities relating to the achievement of goals can be planned."

2. Organisation After deciding the objectives of the organisation in planning activity, the next activity is to implement plans. This is done through organising function. Organisation refers to an infrastructure which is used to achieve pre determined goals. Organisation is that basic structure, through which managers actualise plans, regulate and control the production. There are various activities, authorities and responsibilities which are involved in the achievement of common goals. Division and establishing relationship among these activities, authorities and responsibilities is called organisation.

3. Staffing: Once organisation is formed, manager appoints various qualified personnel to run that organisation. This is an administrative work of management. In this with the help of modern methods of selection a manager selects appropriate people. Training is given to them. Selection of a proper candidate requires job-analysis, so that all required qualifications of employees can be identified.

4. Direction: An important activity of management is direction Every officer should have all required information about the job assigned to him. If all employees are not informed of the decisions in time, then production can be irregular and it will result in waste of time and money While giving direction it should be kept in mind that it is clear, complete, proper and in writing.

"Direction is the most important function of management." It is a continuous function. Through this function, work is taken from employees in an effective manner. Their problems are sorted out and important leadership and guidance is rendered.

5. Controlling: Next important function of management is - controlling. Controlling includes all those activities, which are necessary to get work done as per plans. Just making plans is not sufficient, these should be properly implemented. In brief, to realize plans, controlling becomes necessary. In controlling, four sub-functions are included

(a) To set standards or targets for measuring work. (b) To compare standards with the actual work performed.

(c) If any deviations are found, then to identify the cause and the people responsible for it.

(d) Taking appropriate corrective steps, to avoid recurrence of deviations in the future.

6. Co-ordination : Co-ordination refers to such a balance and co operation among different jobs so that work can be performed in harmony. In absence of co-ordination people will work with cross purposes. This reduces productivity and increases the cost. Hence for achievement of organizational goals all its activities must be coordinated. Coordination is the essence of all managerial functions. Without coordination, even best of planning and controlling will not deliver results. Coordination is integrating collective efforts.

7. Motivation: Motivation is primarily related with human relations and leadership. It relates to stimulating people working at different levels to produce more. Human resource of an organization is different in nature from other resources used in production, like land and capital. Human resources are active and alive medium of production. They have their own thoughts, feelings, desire, needs, interests and wants. Hence just to decide their jobs like a machine is not proper. Success of an enterprise.

2.Now Subsidiary or Secondary or Auxiliary Function

1. Decision making: One of the main function of management is decision making. What ever activities managers do relating to management, necessarily involves decision making. Choice of business proposal, deciding site of business, arranging funds, identifying the market of production, fixing price etc all involve decision making Hence able and visionary managers must be able to take wise decisions, All alternatives and aspects must be considered before final decision is taken, so that the chances of failure are minimised and desired success is achieved.

2. Communication: Communication function of manager involves- passing orders, directions and instruction to employees, informing about the progress of the business to owners and shareholders and giving information about the business to government and society. Work is conducted properly and in an excellent manner in those enterprises, where communication system is excellent. Hence, it can be said that "communication is the basis of best work execution".

3. Research (In management continuous research work should go on. Through timely analysis and research work only, an enterprise can run for long and achieve success. For the development of business, research and analysis is very essential.

4. Innovation: Management is a continuous and creative activity in which it has to face new business problems every now and then. Management must always think of innovation and must try to develop new products, new methods, new markets and if necessary build even a new organisation. Innovation not only refers to changes in organisation or systems, but also to prepare employees or staff to accept those changes d be ready to face problems) if any, arising out of the proposed changes. To cope up with the market competition, a management must adopt new methods and systems.

These were the Functions of Management that every managers have to perform in his/her Working.

I hope you have find this blog post useful. Thanks for reading.

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